The Development of a Problem-Based Learning Pop-up Book to Enhance Critical Thinking Skills in Kindergarten B Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53797/icccmjssh.v5i3.6.2026Keywords:
Critical Thinking, Pop-up Book Development, Problem-Based LearningAbstract
This study is a form of applied research using the Research and Development (R&D) method. The population of the study consisted of Kindergarten B students in the Mayong sub-district, Jepara. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and questionnaires, while data analysis was carried out using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The research findings led to the following conclusions: (1) the developed Pop-up Book learning media based on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) for Kindergarten B students met the eligibility standards for guidebook formatting; (2) the content or instructional material within the Pop-up Book media was deemed appropriate for learning procedures; (3) the product proved effective in enhancing students' critical thinking skills; and (4) the media can be utilized by teachers, as it has been validated both theoretically and practically in terms of feasibility and effectiveness.
Downloads
References
Akollo, J. G., Tarumasely, Y., & Surur, M. (2023). Improving fine motor skills in early childhood through collage techniques using Loleba material. Jurnal Obsesi: Journal of Early Childhood Education, 7(1), 358–373. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i1.3748
Andriyansah. (2020). Improving critical thinking skills in science learning through the inquiry approach. Jurnal Tunas Siliwangi, 4(2), 60–70.
Anggraini, G. F., Pradini, S., Sasmiati, Haenilah, E. Y., & Wijayanti, D. K. (2020). Developing early childhood critical thinking skills through storytelling at Amartani Kindergarten, Bandar Lampung. Jurnal Pengabdian Dharma Wacana, 1(1), 15–25. https://doi.org/10.37295/jpdw.v1i1.21
Assyauqi, M. I. (2020). Borg and Gall development model. State Islamic Institute. https://www.taufiq.net/2019/09/model-penelitian-pengembangan-borg-and.html
Boangmanalu, A. M., Irvan, & Nasution, M. D. (2023). The influence of integrated problem-based learning model. MAJU: Scientific Journal of Mathematics Education, 10(2), 10–16.
Creswell, J. W. (2023). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Pustaka Pelajar.
Ennis, R. H. (2023). Critical thinking across the curriculum: A vision. Topoi.
Fernández-Santín, M., & Feliu-Torruella, M. (2020). Developing critical thinking in early childhood through the philosophy of Reggio Emilia. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 37, 100686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2020.100686
Fitriani, S., & Vinayastri, A. (2022). Development of critical thinking skills instruments for early childhood. Pedagogi: Journal of Early Childhood Education, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.30651/pedagogi.v8i1.8973
Handayani, A., & Sinaga, S. I. (2022). Application of project-based learning model to improve critical thinking skills in early childhood. PAUD Lectura: Journal of Early Childhood Education, 5, 146–155.
Jean, W. J. Y. (2022). Critical thinking in young children. Man in India, 96(1–2), 579–587.
Mahmudah, L. A., Aka, K. A., & Laila, A. (2024). Development of pop-up book media in Indonesian language learning to improve storytelling skills of second grade elementary students. Proceedings, 580–588.
Manshur, A., & Rodhi, A. (2022). Development of graphic media in learning. Al-Aufa: Journal of Education and Islamic Studies, 2(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.36840/alaufa.v2i2.313
Masykuroh, K., & Wahyuni, T. (2023). Pop-up book media to enhance environmental care character in early childhood. Aulad: Journal on Early Childhood, 6(2), 172–181. https://doi.org/10.31004/aulad.v6i2.483
Nugraha, V., & Sari, H. N. (2023). The use of problem-based learning method. Semantik: Scientific Journal, 8(1).
Nugroho, P. B. (2023). Scaffolding to improve critical thinking skills in mathematics learning.
Nursyamsiah, H., Cendana, T. P., Rohaeti, E. E., & Alam, S. K. (2019). Symbolic thinking ability of early childhood aged 5–6 years. Early Childhood Research Journal, 2(6).
Okpatrioka. (2023). Research and development (R&D): Innovative research in education. Journal of Education, Language, and Culture, 1(1), 86–100.
Priyangga, B., Utaminingsih, S., & Setiawan, D. (2021). Improving students' critical thinking skills through circuit learning model assisted by papel interaction on the theme “Our friendly environment” in class V SDN 03 Pancur based on lesson study. Journal of Bina Ilmu Cendekia, 2(1), 56–70.
Purnamasari, P. I., & Damayanti, M. I. (2021). Development of pop-up book imagination (PUBG) media for poetry writing skills of fourth-grade elementary students. Education Innovation Journal, 9, 2998–3010.
Putri, I. N., & Fajri, N. (2023). Effectiveness of board game media to improve problem-solving skills of elementary students. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 9(7), 236–242.
Quinn, S., Donnelly, S., & Kidd, E. (2021). The relationship between symbolic play and language acquisition: A meta-analytic review. Developmental Review, 61, 121–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2018.05.005
Rademaekers, J. K., & Detweiler, L. (2019). Performing critical thinking in written language: Defining critical thinking from the assessor’s view. International Journal of Assessment, 7, 1–9.
Rahayu, M. (2021). Development of pop-up book through storytelling method in children aged 5–6 years (Bachelor’s thesis, UIN Raden Intan Lampung). http://repository.radenintan.ac.id/id/eprint/16529
Santos-Trigo, M. (2021). Problem solving in mathematics education. Mathematics Education Review, 23(2), 230–233.
Sanders, M., & Moulenbelt, J. (2021). Defining critical thinking. Inquiry: Critical Thinking Across the Disciplines, 26(1), 38–46.
Susiani. (2023). The influence of problem-based learning on critical thinking skills in science (Unpublished thesis). Universitas Negeri Jakarta.
Susilana, R., & Riyana, C. (2021). Media pembelajaran: Hakikat, pengembangan, pemanfaatan, dan penilaian. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Sugiyono. (2019a). Metode penelitian dan pengembangan. Alfabeta.
Sugiyono. (2022b). Metode penelitian pendidikan: Pendekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Umami, R. R., & Utaminingsih, S. (2025). Improving science learning outcomes through the problem-based learning model integrated with teaching at the right level in grade VI of elementary school. JP-IPA: Jurnal Pendidikan IPA, 6(1), 24–32.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 I. Istianah, S. Utaminingsih, S. Su’ad

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

